effects of 2007 post election violence

The fighting resulted in 1,133 casualties, at least 350,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs), approximately 2,000 refugees, significant, but unknown, numbers of sexual violence victims, and the destruction of 117,216 private properties and 491 government-owned properties including . . The study reveals post election violence devastating effects on maize farming. By 1960, two national parties were formed (what . Evelyne Asaala. Although much preferred by the business community, the abrasions of the post-election violence of 2007/8 are still fresh because of its adverse effect on regional economies. These factors include political, land, revenge, tribalism and poverty issues. The Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI) has launched fresh investigations into pending 2007/2008 post-election violence cases, drawing instant protests from Deputy President William Ruto's allies, who warned the move could open old wounds. Shortly after the 2007 presidential elections were held, violence broke out; in the aftermath of the violence, 1,500 people lost their lives, 3,000 innocent women were sexually assaulted, and 300,000 Kenyans fled their homes (Roberts, 2009). Study Objectives Download Download PDF. (Outline of my study:<br /><br />The study aims to analyse the effects of the December 2007 post-election violence on the Kenyan schools. Objective: This study examines parents' and children's exposure to short-term political violence and the relation between childrearing violence and child adjustment after widespread violence that erupted in Kisumu, Kenya after the disputed presidential election in December 2007. Statement of the problem With a common observation among many African countries Kenya included, there seems to be a connection between elections . 3 The 2007-2008 electoral violence will be discussed by first introducing the main analytical paradigms that gave rise to fear of political violence in the multi-party era in Kenya. This Paper. Post Election Violence (CIPEV) said that, between 1992 and1996, the number of street children increased by 300% in just four years. Author(s): Health Rights Advocacy Forum. For one, the . In the early 1960s, Moi, Muliro and Ngala of KADU supported regionalism against Kenyatta, Odinga and Mboya and KANU's nationalism (associated with the centralised system). This is particularly so with the 2007 Post-Election Violence (PEV) that was experienced in Kenya. It may also be as a result of a competition for scarce resources. elections as a potential trigger presented significant risks for politically motivated violence. Kenya's political history I 1895-1963: British Rule I 1964: Presidential Representative Republic I De facto one-party state until 1991 Violence and armed struggle was led by the Mau Mau and by 1955, 13,000 Africans had lost their lives (see Anderson, 2007). 284 VIOLENCE, TRUST, AND TRUSTWORTHINESS The goal of our paper is to contribute to this literature with a field experiment which investigates the effects of the 2007 post-election violence in Nairobi on two specific components of social capital - trust and trustworthiness - of victimized slum-dwellers. Full PDF Package Download Full PDF Package. The announcement of the closely contested 2007 presidential election results on 30th December 2007 sparked off violence never witnessed before in the history of independent Kenya. 15 Ibid. It was all a figment of our collective imagination! Pre-elections, throughout 2007, there was a considerable increase in violence in Kuresoi, Molo, and Mount Elgon between different ethnic groups supporting different candidates, resulting in 200 . Whereas national processes connected to pre-election violence have received increased scholarly attention, little is known of local dynamics of violence after elections. In the 2007 post-election violence, for instance, more than 1000 lives were lost. Nature of the Violence The majority of Kenya's post-election violence took place in January and February, 2008. The findings revealed five categories of causative factors leading to the 2007 December post-election violence in Naivasha. According to the government, as many as 1000 the print media in Kenya covered the post-election violence after the 2007 disputed presidential elections in Kenya that left 350,000 people displaced and about 1,200 killed. For example it was accused of failing to moderate hate messages and of passing . Download Citation | On Jan 1, 2019, Dickson Nkonge Kagema published The Aftermath of the 2007/08 Post-Election Violence in Kenya and the Role of Religion | Find, read and cite all the research you . Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta was elected Kenya's new president in the first election under the country's new constitution and also the first presidential election following the 2007 post-election violence. Ethnic-based violence has a long history in the country, fueled by grievances over land, privilege, and inequality. This Paper. Disruption of Electoral Process. the post-election violence, and an additional 650,000 were displaced. Post-election violence in Kenya Post-election violence in 2007/2008 was the deadliest Kenya has experienced since independence in terms of destruction of property, deaths, and displacement of people. The economy was booming, and so was the stock market. Following the disputed 2007 Kenyan Presidential election unprecedented levels of violence erupted across the country adding to the history of troubled elections in Africa. l violence has negative influences on peoples' wellbeing. Many of the children, who are now adults, are the product of displacement by ethnic past violence and are particularly exposed to crime and violence both as victims and perpetrators. During the 2007 post-election violence, the chief clashing tribes were the larger groups including Kikuyus, Luos, and Kalenjins. Nakuru County was one of the areas that were affected by 2007 PEV. The emotional wellbeing of people is of great significance if they are to remain healthy. The violence erupted immediately after Mwai Kibaki was named the winner amidst allegations of election rigging and manipulation. According to the government, as many as 1000 Effects of Gender-Based Violence: A Situation Analysis of the 2007 Post-Election Ethnic Violence in Kenya. Highly contested elections are characterised by electoral violence and high levels of uncertainty that negatively impact on economic activities of the country. York University, 2009. A case study design employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches to explore the impacts of electoral violence on economic development of Kenya by examining data during and after election periods. The Eldoret clinic acted as the program hub, receiving daily deliveries of patient data and laboratory samples from outlying clinics. Where the extant published research about election violence - violence occurring immediately before and during balloting - comprises a small literature, published research about post-election violence hardly comprises a literature at all. Methodology Focus of the study was restricted on the role played by women in conflict management following the 2007/2008 post-election violence. The fairy-tale nose-dived. The study establishes the effects of Kenyan 2007 post election violence on maize farming calendar, farm input prices, food prices and infrastructural development in Uasin Gishu District of Kenya. Box 3900-Eldoret, Kenya. Electoral violence occurs in semi-democracies in power is personalized, in the national executive. On December 27, 2007, outgoing president Mwai Kibaki is proclaimed winner again but his challenger Raila Odinga says . (2) The disputed elections exploded into ethnic violence - awakening the deep-rooted . No, there was no post-election violence in 2007. First, post-election violence merits investigation because it has been too little studied. They could become anxious . On December 27, 2007, outgoing president Mwai Kibaki is proclaimed winner again but his challenger Raila Odinga says . While Kenyan civil society members pressed their leaders to end violence from within, diplomats, including then-Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, provided critical political pressure and . All elections have been accompanied by some form of pre-election violence, post-election violence, or both. <br /><br />Educational initiatives aimed at dealing . Full PDF Package Download Full PDF Package. Election 2007: Post-Election Violence Pushes Kenya to the Brink Published: 02 January 2008 Kenya is in the midst of its worst political crisis in decades following President Mwai Kibaki's highly questionable re-election in the country's latest general election, held last week. The results show that remittance flows to violence victims increased in the aftermath of the 2007 post-election violence to hot conflict zones of Nakuru district in Rift Valley province. Some statements went a step further and characterized the elections as Received 28 February, 2013; Accepted 3 May, 2013 Based on primordial and essentialist theories of ethnicity, the paper critically interrogates the trajectory The land policies established by the colonial and post-colonial systems under regimes that employed different strategies created . In response to the 2007 violence, Kenya's new constitution . In the same evening television show, two survivors of the 2007—2008 post-election violence recounted their harrowing tales from the effects of that term madoadoa as uttered by politicians back then. INTRODUCTION •trauma has four common traits: it is unexpected, it is psychologically overwhelming, • the victim is unable to cope with it, and the victim feels there is nothing they could do to prevent or mitigate its effects. Effects of the violence and displacement were particularly severe in Western Kenya . More than 1,220 people were killed, 3,500 injured 350,000 more were displaced, and hundreds of rapes and the destruction of over 100,000 properties were perpetrated. G Nyamongo. Title(s): Report on the effects of 2007 post election violence on health workers and the preparedness of the health care system in Kenya : assessment report. In the run-up to the 1992 and 1997 This article examines the 2011 Nigerian post-election violence with regard to the ways in which national electoral processes interweave with local social and political disputes. towards Kenya's 2007 Post Election Violence, evaluation of causes of the 2007 Post Election Violence (PEV), and examining the effects of 2007 Post - Election Violence in Eldoret East District. Electoral violence is levied by political actors to purposefully influence the process and outcome of elections, and it involves coercive acts against humans, property, and infrastructure (Bekoe, 2012; Harish & Toha, 2019; Höglund, 2009).It can happen in all parts of the electoral cycle, including at the announcement of elections, party primaries, and voter registration (Seeberg, Wahman . of Kenya's 2007 Post-Election Violence Pascaline Dupas Jonathan Robinson Stanford UC Santa Cruz Dupas and Robinson (2012) Kenya's Election Crisis CEGA April 27, 2012. This study sought to investigate the effects of 2007/2008 Post Election violence on basic education in Nakuru Kenya using a Case Study of Pipeline Internally Displaced Persons Camp in Nakuru County. Country of Publication: Kenya Publisher: Nariobi, Kenya : Health Rights Advocacy Forum, c2009. Andrew Caballero-Reynolds/AFP via Getty Images James Piazza, Penn . 16 Ibid. 2011: Gusii Women and Small-scale Family Tea Farming in Kenya. In most cases it leads to the cancellation of the entire election within the area of reported violence. 'Prosecuting the 2007 post elect violence-related international crimes in Kenyan courts: Exposing the real challenges' Human rights and democratic governance in Kenya: A post-2007 appraisal. Download Download PDF. The Director of Public Prosecutions has been charged with dealing with instances of hate speech via prosecuting them, with the aim of convictions. This study sought to understand the effects of 2007 Post Election Violence (PEV) on Children's socioeconomic wellbeing by focusing on children living in Nairobi's Kibera slum .Post election violence is a recent occurrence in Kenya when considering the magnitude with which it was witnessed in 2007.1t was important to conduct a scientific study . Conflict-induced displacement may be politically instigated such as the displacement resulting from the general elections of 1992, 1997 and 2007/2008. Laakso (2007) examined the problem of electoral violence in several African countries, including Kenya and Zimbabwe, countries that have experienced serious post-election violence. It analyses the role communication plays in de-escalating conflicts, and offers communication strategies that promote productive conflict management. A Case of Kenya's 2007 Post election Violence. This paper offers quantitative and qualitative evidence on the issues that triggered the electoral violence, its incidence, and impacts. Post-election violence in Kenya Post-election violence in 2007/2008 was the deadliest Kenya has experienced since independence in terms of destruction of property, deaths, and displacement of people. This study sought to discuss the 2007 post election violence and the response of the Seventhday Adventist Church in Eldoret East district. communal conflicts, hate speeches, the media, tribalism and discrimination were discussed as the causes of the 2007 PEV. Most notable examples are the 2007 post electoral violence in Kenya and the 2011 post electoral violence in Nigeria (FGN, 2011; Chedotum et.al, 2013). Mobile-money services, however, were not useful in . along with 40 other bus passengers and robbed of his effects, including a mobile phone . GB Nyamongo. Democracy was supposed to breed truth, justice, transparency and accountability - but it now looks like splintered china on the rocks of ethnicity and power greed. GEXcel Work in Progress Report Volume XI, 121, 2011. The 2007-2008 Kenyan crisis was a political, economic, and humanitarian crisis that erupted in Kenya after former President Mwai Kibaki was declared the winner of the presidential election held on December 27, 2007. The 2007 election violence may have been the worst in the country's history, but at least 1,000 were killed in the lead up to the 1992 election and hundreds died as a result of politicking before and after the 1997 and 2013 elections. Random Effects (RE) Probit and RE Tobit models are applied on the data. Over 1,500 people died and between 400,000 and 600,000 were internally displaced. (2) The disputed elections exploded into ethnic violence - awakening the deep-rooted . Nairobi (AFP) - Below are key dates since post-election violence in Kenya in 2007-2008 left more than 1,100 dead, the worst violence in the east African country since independence in 1963: - 2007-2008: post election violence -. The study was conducted by interviewing people living in Kisumu and had experienced the post-election violence. The Kenya Broadcasting Corporation records that the Chair of the KNCHR, Florence Jaoko who replaced Maina Kiai in July 2008, presented the report to the Judicial Commission of Inquiry (the Waki Commission) investigating the post 2007 election violence on August 19th 2008. To avoid post-election violence, the losing party has to feel they still have a say, albeit a smaller one, in the running of the country. The PDF file holds a 54-paged scan presenting an excerpt of a report published by the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) titled "On the Brink of the Precipice: A Human Rights Account of Kenya's Post-2007 Election Violence".The excerpt describes itself as having been embargoed by the Waki Commission (into the violence). Supporters of Kibaki's main opponent in that election, Raila Odinga of the Orange Democratic Movement, alleged electoral manipulation.This position was widely confirmed by . The announcement of the Presidential election results on 30 December 2007 led to widespread violence across Kenya. The Kenyan media has struggled with the burden of being accused of fuelling post-election violence in 2007 and 2008. Tens of thousands of houses and businesses were looted or destroyed.16 11 Ndegwa (December 30, 2007) 12 Dercon and Gutierrez-Romero (2010) 13 Commission of Inquiry into Post-Election Violence (2009) 14 Ibid. CASE STUDY OF KENYA 2007 POST-ELECTION VIOLENCE This research is based on communication skills, tools and techniques used toward managing conflicts. Kenya's economy, political map, and social fabric were drastically altered by outbreaks of post-election violence (PEV) that followed the declaration of the highly contested election results on December 27, 2007 and the revenge attacks that occurred between January 25-30, 2008 in several parts of Kenya. Drawing on a sample of secondary school teachers in Nairobi, it will review the manner in which teachers responded to the effects in their schools and classrooms and tease out the most influential factors. During the 2007 post-election violence, both regional and international actors played an integral role in helping to prevent a full-fledged civil war. The role of hate speech in electoral violence has been established in Africa. Post-Election Police Operations On August 8, Kenya held its second presidential election since the disputed 2007 election that resulted in violence in which more than 1,100 people were killed and . The land policies established by the colonial and post-colonial systems under regimes that employed different strategies created . The 2008 post-election violence played out largely on ethnic lines, and ethnicity continues to play an inordinate role in Kenyan political life. When peace was breached; many maize farmers were displaced, maize crop in . This study gives essential information on the fundamental causes of conflict and its . The 2007 post-election violence in Kenya rooted in the in ter-ethnic resentments between the Kalejins and Kikuy us and was triggered by results of the December 2007 elections . 3 The 2007-2008 electoral violence will be discussed by first introducing the main analytical paradigms that gave rise to fear of political violence in the multi-party era in Kenya. Nairobi (AFP) - Below are key dates since post-election violence in Kenya in 2007-2008 left more than 1,100 dead, the worst violence in the east African country since independence in 1963: - 2007-2008: post election violence -. 2007 Post-election Violence in Kenya. Subsequent to the disputed elections of 27 December 2007, Kenya was engulfed by post-election violence (PEV) which lasted for about a month. 1. Growth dropped from 7.1 percent in 2007 to 1.6 percent (2008), before reaching 2.6 percent in 2009; post-election violence, the food and fuels crisis, the global financial crisis and the 2009 drought almost caused the Kenya's economy to stagnate notes Johannes Zutt (2010) [20]. parties, election management bodies, law enforcement agencies and the judiciary. Political factors, inequitable resource allocation, land issues. One of the major areas of focus, DCI boss George Kinoti said, will be threats to relatives of . The survey covered key areas which bore the brunt of the 2007 post election violence like Nyalenda, Kondele estates, Obunga . Method: Mothers of 100 Luo children (mean age = 8.46 years, 61% female) reported on their own use of . The overall objective of the project is to contribute to the post election violence recovery and reintegration process through the restoration of livelihoods in affected areas. A damning example of the realisation of this threat is the 2007 Post-Election Violence. Summary On January 25, 2008, during the explosion of post-election violence in Kenya, four men beat and brutally gang-raped Apiyo P., a 53-year-old mother of five. This means focusing on the political psyche in one part of Kenya, the Rift Valley. Successive Kenyan administrations have pitted the majority Kikuyu ethnic group . The concern to carry out the study came after realizing that children's psychological needs were not adequately addressed after 2007 post election violence. The Naivasha post-election violence that erupted in late January 2008 was revengeful though the above other factors played a key role. Summary. Ethnic politics and post-election violence of 2007/8 in Kenya Opondo P. A Moi University, Department of History and Political Science, P.O. More than 1,220 people were killed, 3,500 injured 350,000 more were displaced, and hundreds of rapes and the destruction of over 100,000 properties were perpetrated. In December 2007, at the time of the post-election violence, AMPATH was treating 59,437 HIV infected patients (39% on ART) at 17 Ministry of Health clinics in western Kenya (Figure 2). 'Prosecuting the 2007 post elect violence-related international crimes in Kenyan courts: Exposing the real challenges' Human rights and democratic governance in Kenya: A post-2007 appraisal. 1.2 Project Goal and Objectives The overall goal is to establish the gender perspective of how the media covered the 2007 post-election violence. Roberts (2009) argued that one of the sources of the 2007 post-election conflict was the coun- 2. Over and above being ethnic, hate speech presents a tangible danger to the fabric of society, the common good. Evidah Atieno a Women's Rights Advocate and a survivor of the post-election violence said: "It's a pity we live in a country that people like . This means focusing on the political psyche in one part of Kenya, the Rift Valley. As many as 1,400 people died in violence after Kenya's last presidential elections in 2007 [Getty Images] By James Brownsell Published On 3 Mar 2013 3 Mar 2013 In the 2007 post-election violence, during which more than 1,100 people were killed, most of the more than 400 people shot by police were in the Nyanza region, which includes those counties The work exposed the diverse dimensions of electoral violence manifest prior, during and after the election and consequent effects on lives and properties. The focus of this study was the effects ofthe 2007 post-election violence, a case study of the City of Kisumu. Image: COURTESY When widespread conflict did not erupt, international, regional, and domestic actors lauded the elections as successful. The Jan. 6 insurrection at the U.S. Capitol offers an example of how refusing to accept election results can lead to violence. The Post Election Violence Livelihoods Recovery Project was developed to restore and expand livelihoods opportunities for communities that were intensely affected by the post election violence in 2007/2008. This is was a descriptive study. We also find that participants who subsequently were affected by the violence were less likely to adopt negative beliefs about Kenya's political system, less likely to support the use of ethnic or political violence, and more likely to forgive those responsible for the post-election violence. By mid-January, six hundred Kenyans lay dead in an unprecedented orgy of post-election violence. Ana-lysts warned of mass violence and a repeat of 2007-08. Violence during election usually affects the smooth electoral process and coordination. Some people lost their shops and houses during the post-election crisis. Subsequent to the disputed elections of 27 December 2007, Kenya was engulfed by post-election violence (PEV) which lasted for about a month. The research was guided by the following research objectives: To evaluate the effects of 2007/2008 Post-Election Violence on basic education in . The general objective of the study was to establish the implications of the post election violence on the psychosocial adjustment of children between 10-18 years. of the 2007/2008 post-election violence on women in Kakamega County with an aim of coming up with intervention strategies for sustainable peace in the County and Kenya at large. She told Human Rights Watch how . Kenya's post-2007-2008 election violence claimed over 1,000 people. 2. Evelyne Asaala. For those Kenyans who experienced the 2007/2008 post-election violence as children, the media messages of anxiety and calls for peace may bring back their worst memories. prejudice, failure of the Police.

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